Introductory Statistics with Applications in General Insurance or Aleksandr Nikolaevich Engelgardts Letters from the Country 1872 1887

Introductory Statistics with Applications in General Insurance

Author: I B Hossack

This is a new edition of a very successful introduction to statistical methods for general insurance practitioners. No prior statistical knowledge is assumed, and the mathematical level required is approximately equivalent to school mathematics. While the book is primarily introductory, the authors discuss some more advanced topics, including simulation, calculation of risk premiums, credibility theory, estimation of outstanding claim provisions and risk theory. All topics are illustrated by examples drawn from general insurance, and references for further reading are given. Solutions to most of the exercises are included. For the new edition, the opportunity has been taken to make minor improvements and corrections throughout the text, to rewrite some sections to improve clarity, and to update the examples and references. A new section dealing with estimation has also been added.

Book about: Handbook of Functional Lipids or Leslie Sansones Eat Smart Walk Strong

Aleksandr Nikolaevich Engelgardt's Letters from the Country, 1872-1887

Author: Aleksandr Nikolaevich Engelgardt

From the rye field and the threshing barn to the local gentry and the village court, A.N. Engelgardt's Letters painted the most lively, entertaining, and insightful portrait of Imperial Russia's rural countryside. Now translated into English for the first time, judiciously abridged, and fully annotated for the modern reader, Engelgardt's account stands revealed both as a major primary source on nineteenth-century Russia and as an ever-more-timely analysis of a peasant culture in the wake of reform.
A distinguished chemist at the St. Petersburg Agricultural Institute, Engelgardt was also an eloquent spokesman for liberty and reform, especially on behalf of Russia's peasant majority. Accused of conspiratorial activities by the Tsarist government, he was exiled in 1871 to his modest estate in impoverished Smolensk province, where, under police surveillance, he wrote his Letters for publication in St. Petersburg. With scientific precision, Engelgardt produced the first comprehensive eye-witness account of the peasant's daily affairs and environment, with detailed descriptions of land reform and collectivization, reflections on the role of peasant women and the effects of emancipation, discussions of local agriculture and the economy, and vivid accounts of peasant attitudes about everything from the Russo-Turkish War to anti-semitism. With an extensive introduction and copious notes, this translation is ideal for anyone interested in Russian history and peasant studies.

Table of Contents:

	Glossary
	Introduction	3
	Letter I	21
	Daily Life with the Peasants on My Estate	22
	Village Poverty and Charity: Crusts of Bread	28
	My Natural Healer: The "Old Woman"	32
	Village Justice	34
	Letter II	36
	The Peasants' Poverty and Dependence on Local Gentry Landowners	37
	The Peasant Thief Kostik and the Volost Court	39
	The Question of Public Health in the Countryside	45
	The Rural Clergy	47
	My Trip to the Zemstvo Elections	48
	Letter III	51
	Work Done "Out of Respect"	52
	Trespassing and the Peasants' Sense of Private Property	59
	Peasant Fatalism and Attitudes toward Agricultural Innovation	64
	The Subsistence Nature of Russian Agriculture	72
	Letter IV	79
	"Rogues Exist to Teach Fools to Be on Guard"	80
	Honesty and Industry of the Russian Peasant	83
	Individualism in Peasant Farming	86
	A Visit to the Local Agricultural Exhibition	87
	Letter V	102
	Old Lyska	103
	The Role of Peasant Women in the Rural Economy	112
	Peasant Individualism in Labor	115
	Peasants as Skilled Laborers	122
	Intelligence of the Russian Peasant	125
	Letter VI	134
	Rural Responses to the Russo-Turkish War	135
	Letter VII	156
	The Diggers' Artel as a Model of Collective Labor	157
	Extended Peasant Households, Collective Labor, and Prosperity	163
	Individualism of the Peasant Woman	166
	The Futility of Legislation for the Village	169
	The Peasant Economy in Post-Emancipation Russia	170
	Letter VIII	184
	New District Officials	185
	Persecution of Local Jews	193
	Bureaucratic Measures to Prevent Plague	195
	My Descent into Alcoholism	198
	Letter IX	203
	The Economics of Seasonal Labor for the Peasant	204
	Letter X	210
	Prospering Peasants in the "Happy Little Corner"	211
	The Peasant Exploiter: The Kulak	223
	Letter XI	228
	Peasants' Rumors about the Land	228
	Letter XII	239
	Peasant Land Purchases and Local Farming	239
	The Promise of Phosphorite Fertilizer for Russian Agriculture	245
	Notes	256
	Bibliography of Related Works	269